What is considered first-line psychological therapy for insomnia?

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recognized as the first-line psychological therapy for insomnia due to its evidence-based effectiveness in treating sleep disorders. CBT for insomnia focuses on identifying and changing thoughts and behaviors that contribute to sleep disturbances. This structured approach includes techniques such as cognitive restructuring, which helps patients address negative thoughts about sleep, and behavioral interventions that may involve sleep restriction, stimulus control, and relaxation strategies.

Research has consistently shown that CBT can result in significant improvements in sleep quality, sleep onset latency, and overall insomnia severity. It is preferred because it not only addresses immediate sleep issues but also provides skills and strategies that can help individuals maintain better sleep patterns over the long term. CBT is typically delivered over several sessions by trained professionals and is often tailored to individual needs, making it a comprehensive solution for insomnia.

Other options, while they may contribute to overall well-being or aid in sleep improvement, do not have the same level of support in clinical guidelines as first-line interventions. Pharmacotherapy can offer short-term relief, progressive muscle relaxation may promote relaxation but does not directly target insomnia patterns, and sleep hygiene education enhances understanding of good sleep practices but lacks the structured and targeted approach that CBT provides.