Polymyalgia rheumatica is most commonly associated with which other rheumatic disease?

Polymyalgia rheumatica is most commonly associated with giant cell arteritis, which is a systemic vasculitis that primarily affects large and medium-sized arteries, particularly the temporal arteries. The two conditions often occur together, with studies indicating that approximately 15-25% of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica will develop giant cell arteritis.

The relationship between these two conditions is significant because they share similar clinical features and risk factors, including age (typically affecting individuals over 50), and they often present with overlapping symptoms such as muscle pain, stiffness, and systemic symptoms like fever and malaise. Awareness of this association is crucial for clinicians because the presence of polymyalgia rheumatica can prompt monitoring and evaluation for signs of giant cell arteritis, which can lead to serious complications if left untreated.

In summary, the correct association of polymyalgia rheumatica with giant cell arteritis highlights the importance of recognizing these interconnected conditions in the diagnostic and management processes within rheumatology.